Which bone cell breaks down bone tissue during remodeling?
- Osteoblast
- Osteocyte
- Chondrocyte
- Osteoclast
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D. Osteoclast
Osteoclasts resorb (break down) bone. Osteoblasts are the easy mix-up: they build new bone matrix. Osteocytes are mature cells that maintain bone, and chondrocytes are cartilage cells.
Reference: MBLEx content outline: Anatomy and Physiology; skeletal system, bone remodeling
The therapist notes 'left upper trapezius hypertonic on palpation; cervical rotation left limited to about 45 degrees.' Which SOAP section is this?
- Subjective
- Plan
- Objective
- Assessment
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C. Objective
Findings the therapist observes or measures, such as palpation, posture and range of motion, go under Objective. Assessment is tempting because of the word, but in a SOAP note it records the response to treatment and the therapist's summary.
Reference: MBLEx content outline: Client Assessment, Reassessment and Treatment Planning; documentation, SOAP notes
A client with knee pain asks, 'Do you think I tore my meniscus?' What is the appropriate response?
- Palpate the knee and tell the client what is probably torn
- Tell the client it is likely just a tight muscle near the knee joint
- Recommend a knee brace and an anti-inflammatory drug
- Explain that therapists cannot diagnose and suggest a physician
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D. Explain that therapists cannot diagnose and suggest a physician
Diagnosing an injury and recommending medication are outside the massage scope of practice; the therapist shares what was observed and refers. Reassuring the client that it is 'just a tight muscle' is still a diagnosis.
Reference: MBLEx content outline: Ethics, Boundaries, Laws and Regulations; scope of practice
In which plane do abduction and adduction of the shoulder take place?
- Frontal plane
- Median plane
- Transverse plane
- Sagittal plane
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A. Frontal plane
Abduction and adduction move the limb away from and toward the midline, which happens in the frontal (coronal) plane. Flexion and extension are the movements of the sagittal plane.
Reference: MBLEx content outline: Kinesiology; planes and axes
A client arrives with a temperature of 101.5 F, chills and body aches. What should the therapist do?
- Apply heat packs first, then massage normally
- Reschedule; massage is contraindicated today
- Limit the session to the back and shoulders
- Give a lighter full-body relaxation massage
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B. Reschedule; massage is contraindicated today
Fever signals a systemic infection, which is a general contraindication: massage can stress the client further and expose the therapist and other clients. A lighter session is tempting but is still circulatory work on a sick person.
Reference: MBLEx content outline: Pathology, Contraindications, Areas of Caution, Special Populations; contraindications, acute infection